Inhalers: Types, How to Choose, and How to Use Them

If you think all inhalers are the same, think again. Inhalers do different jobs — some stop attacks fast, others work slowly to prevent symptoms. Pick the wrong one or use it wrong and you won’t get the relief you expect. This short guide makes choosing and using inhalers simple and practical.

Quick guide to inhaler types

Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) — the classic press-and-breathe device. Usually contains albuterol (Ventolin) or a steroid combo. Shake, press, inhale.

Dry powder inhaler (DPI) — you inhale the powder hard and fast. No need to time a press with a breath, but you must be able to inhale strongly.

Soft mist inhaler — gives a slow, fine spray that’s easier to inhale for older adults or kids with weak inhalation strength.

Nebulizer — turns liquid medicine into a mist you breathe through a mask. Good for very young, very sick, or when you can't use a handheld device.

Rescue vs maintenance: rescue inhalers (short-acting like albuterol) treat sudden symptoms. Maintenance inhalers (steroids, long-acting bronchodilators) reduce inflammation and prevent attacks over time.

How to use an inhaler correctly — simple steps that help

1) Read the instructions on your exact device. Manufacturers differ.

2) For MDIs: shake well, breathe out fully, put mouth on the mouthpiece, press once and inhale slowly for 3–5 seconds, hold your breath 5–10 seconds, then breathe out. Wait a minute between puffs if you need two.

3) For DPIs: load the dose, exhale away from the device, then inhale quickly and deeply. Hold your breath for a few seconds before exhaling.

4) Use a spacer with MDIs if you struggle with timing. A spacer increases medicine delivery to your lungs and cuts throat deposits.

5) Rinse your mouth after any steroid inhaler to reduce oral thrush risk. Clean mouthpieces weekly and check for clogs.

6) Store inhalers at room temperature, check expiration dates, and track doses if the device doesn’t have a counter. Don’t freeze them.

Choosing the right inhaler comes down to your condition, ability to inhale, and doctor recommendation. If you have trouble coordinating breathing with a press, ask about a spacer, a soft mist inhaler, or a nebulizer. Want alternatives to Ventolin? Long-acting bronchodilators or combination inhalers might be discussed with your clinician — but they need prescriptions and a treatment plan.

If symptoms keep happening despite correct use, get re-evaluated. Your technique, device choice, or medication dose may need a change. Small tweaks often make a big difference in how well your inhaler works.